The land is the tangible natural resource that the company uses to make its products. Factors of Production Economics: Land, Labor, Capital, and Entrepreneurship Now, let's understand how the firm utilizes each of them. There are four factors of production:- Land - Labor - Capital - Entrepreneurship.The materials produced in the process of primary production are later utilized by secondary industries in their production process. The stage of production where raw materials are produced for the industries is known as primary production. Let's learn about each of them in more detail! Types of Production: Primary Production There are three types of production - primary production, secondary production, and tertiary production. Now that we know about production let's learn about the types of production. To further maximize your profit, you can choose a supplier who supplies raw materials at low prices. In such a situation, the capital-intensive factory should be used. Likewise, you again want to expand your business, but this time to a country with high labor wages. As the minimum wages in the area you will operate in are low, doing so would cut costs for the company. The most sensible course of action you can take to maximize your profit is to use a labor-intensive factory. Let us suppose that you are the owner of a packaged food manufacturing firm and want to expand your business in a country where the labor wages are low. Businesses must consider the cost of the inputs utilized in the production process. Each company is diverse and has a particular production strategy, but all businesses strive to combine their inputs in a way that maximizes their profits.īusinesses must take into account several factors when deciding how much to produce to be profitable. In simple words, the definition of production is the process in which various inputs, such as land, labor, and capital, are used to produce the outputs in the form of products or services. So grab a hard hat, and let's get started! Production in Economics Definition Plus, we'll look at an interesting example of production to help you better understand the concept. But what exactly is the production and why is it so important? In this article, we'll explore the definition of production in economics, the various types of production, and the factors of production from which everything is made. Land and labour are, therefore, primary factors whereas capital and entrepreneur are secondary factors.Get ready to roll up your sleeves and learn everything about production! From making your morning cup of coffee to assembling a car, production is an essential economic concept. Land they say is appropriated from gifts of nature by human labour and entrepreneur is only a special variety of labour. Some economists are of the opinion that basically there are only two factors of production-land and labour. Thus, entrepreneur ship is a trait or quality owned by the entrepreneur. He is loosely identified with the owner, speculator, innovator or inventor and organiser of the business. What and where he will produce and by what method. He decides in what proportion factors should be combined. X who takes the risk of manufacturing television sets will be called an entrepreneur.Īn entrepreneur acts as a boss and decides how the business shall run. He hires the other three factors, brings them together, organises and coordinates them so as to earn maximum profit. (iv) Entrepreneur:Īn entrepreneur is a person who organises the other factors and undertakes the risks and uncertainties involved in the production. Logically and chronologically, capital is derived from land and labour and has therefore, been named as Stored-Up labour. An increase in the capital of an economy means an increase in the productive capacity of the economy. Examples are-machines, tools, buildings, roads, bridges, raw material, trucks, factories, etc. Land, therefore, includes all gifts of nature available to mankind-both on the surface and under the surface, e.g., soil, rivers, waters, forests, mountains, mines, deserts, seas, climate, rains, air, sun, etc. It refers to all natural resources which are free gifts of nature. Alternatively, production is undertaken with the help of resources which can be categorised into natural resources (land), human resources (labour and entrepreneur) and manufactured resources (capital).Īll factors of production are traditionally classified in the following four groups: Primary inputs are also called factor inputs and secondary inputs are known as non-factor inputs. It is primary inputs which are called factors of production. In the above example, soil, tractor, tools and farmer’s services are primary inputs because they render services only whereas seeds, manure, water and insecticides are secondary inputs because they get merged in the commodity for which they are used.
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